What defines a dependent clause?

A dependent clause is specifically defined as a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought. It typically includes a subject and a verb, but it relies on an independent clause to provide full meaning and context. This is what sets it apart from an independent clause, which can exist as a standalone sentence.

Option C accurately captures this essence of a dependent clause, highlighting its inability to convey a full idea by itself. The other options present characteristics that are not exclusive or defining to dependent clauses. For instance, while a dependent clause contains a subject and verb, this is also true for independent clauses, making it insufficient to designate the clause as dependent. Therefore, characterizing a dependent clause as a non-complete sentence directly aligns with its definition within the broader context of grammar.